Stephen F. Austin Received a Grant to Settle How Many Families Along the Brazos and Colorado Rivers?

Coming to America:

The Story of Immigration

Statue of Liberty

By Betsy Maestro

Bookbuilder Book by Laura Schmidt

America is a nation of immigrants. Immigrants are people who come to a new country to make their home. All Americans are related to immigrants or are immigrants themselves.

Thousands and thousands of years ago, there were no people at all in the Americas. So, during the last neat Water ice Age, nomads crossed over a land span from Asia to what is now Alaka. These early hunters wandered here more or less by accident, searching for food.

American Indians, besides called Native Americans, are afar relatives of the aboriginal hunters who arrived in North America so very long ago. They were the first immigrants to arrive in what was truly a new world.

Aztecs were some of the first people to live in what is now Mexico

As many more thousands of years passed, the descendants of the first hunters moved around North and South America. They settled in small villages and after built large cities.

By the fourth dimension Christopher Columbus "discovered" America in 1492, millions of people lived in the great civilizations of the Americas.

Christopher Columbus exploring the new earth.

Later Columbus crossed the Atlantic Sea, other European explorers came in search of land and riches for their own countries. Stories near the fascinating "New Globe" spread throughout Europe. In time, settlers followed the explorers' routes across the great ocean.

There European immigrants came to brand new homes in the Americas. They came in search of a improve life—i gratis of the problem and hardship they had left backside. In their native countries, they often had little money and could not worship God in the mode they wished. The immigrants hoped for freedom and adept fortune in their new lives.

War between advancing settlers and Native Americans.

By about 1700, thousands of settlers lived in the Castilian, French, and English language colonies of Due north America. Other new Americans had arrived from the Netherlands, Sweden, Frg, Finland, and Wales. As the population grew, the Europeans competed with the Native Americans for land and food. The Native Americans were pushed off their country and were often treated badly or killed.

Not all immigrants came to America because they wanted to. Beginning in 1619, millions of Africans were brought to the Americas against their will and were forced into slavery. Instead of finding freedom, these Africans lost theirs, and most never returned to their homelands, and then very far away.

Immigrants landing in Massachusetts.

During the 1700s, settlers connected to come to the America colonies, Scotch-Irish and Swiss settlers came, also, in search of a improve life, wanting to have land of their ain and enough nutrient to fill their hungry stomachs.

Their hopes for the hereafter gave the immigrants courage to face the long and difficult sea voyage. Early sailing ships took months to cantankerous the Atlantic Bounding main. The living space was very cramped, and oft there wasn't enough food or water. Stormy seas made shipboard life even more miserable.

A ship full of immigrants in the 1700s.

New arrivals sometimes settled near the ports where they first landed. New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Charleston, Baltimore, and New Orleans were all growing cities. Equally early every bit 1700, most eighteen languages could be heard in the streets of New York City.

People who had come from the aforementioned state normally stayed together. They felt more than at home near others who lived as they did and spoke the same linguistic communication. Their new lives were very difficult at first. They had little money to beget anything except the most basic necessities.

Covered wagons moving Due west.

Toward the middle of the 1800s, other audacious newcomers became part of the westward motility. After arriving in the United States, they traveled on, past boat, train, and wagon. They headed for new frontiers in the Midwest and the Dandy Lakes region. Costless state was offered to those who would agree to stay and farm. Norwegians joined other hardy settlers and founded farming communities in places like Minnesota and Wisconsin.

Early farmers

Before long other pioneers moved e'er farther west—all the mode to California, where Chinese and Mexican immigrants had already settled. These early Chinese settlers helped to build the outset transcontinental railroad, and when it was completed in 1869, westward travel increased. The United States had ceome a vast nation, spreading from the Atlantic to the Pacific Sea.

For more than than two hundred years, most immigrants had come up from northern Europe and Scandinavia. By the end of the 1800s, more modernistic steamships had shortened the long transatlantic voyage. People began to make it in the United States from all over the world in greater numbers. They came from Italy and Poland, Turkey and Greece, Hungary and Serbia.

Although life was hard for new immigrants, it nevertheless was ameliorate than the perils and poverty they faced in their native countries. So immigrants continued to come to the U.s.. Thousands poured into the many ports, from New York City to San Francisco, every year.

Ellis Island

Before 1820, no one had recorded the exact number of immigrants who had arrived in the United States. Merely the numbers of immigrants were growing so rapidly that some states passed their own clearing laws to go on track of the newcomers. In 1875, the United States government began to regulate immigration. Information technology wanted to know more most the people who were arriving daily on American shores. A number of years later on, the government began to limit immigration by saying that people from some countries could not come to the United States at all.

Between 1855 and 1890, Castle Garden in New York City served as a depot for immigration. More than than eight one thousand thousand people passed through this port of entry. A few years later, on January i, 1892, the United States regime opened an immigration center of Ellis Island near New York City. Officials from the island would count and question the new arrivals. They would see that those admitted were healthy and ready to become useful citizens.

On the day that Ellis Island opened, the first person to step ashore was Annie Moore. She was a 15-yr-old daughter from Ireland. She had traveled with her two brothers to join their parents, who had settled in the U.s.a. 3 years before.

Medical inspection at Ellis Island

Equally big passenger ships entered New York harbor, the immigrants caught their first glimpse of what they hoped would be their new country. They saw the Statue of Liberty, a welcome and inspiring sight. They travelers were relieved that their journeying was over, but they worried about what awaited them on Ellis Island.

Inspectors from the island boarded the shops at anchor to check the passengers. Wealthy passengers traveling outset grade were usually allowed to leave the ship right away. The inspectors looked for signs of contagious disease among the others. Those who were ill sometimes stayed aboard the transport or were sent to other islands to recover. Those who seemed healthy were taken to Ellis Island.

On the busiest days, so many ships arrived in New York harbor that there were long waits only to get to Ellis Island. Sometimes the wait was so long that people had to live aboard the ship for a few extra days. Once on the island, there was more waiting! With thousands arriving each day, long lines formed everywhere.

Immigrant children on Ellis Isle

Beginning, the immigrations were given a quick examination by doctors. Those with health problems were marked with colored chalk. The doctors would examine these persons more than closely. Some people were kept on the island for observation. Afterward 1911, Ellis Island had its own hospital to treat the sick.

Sometimes immigrants had permanent health problems that would brand it difficult for them to work. This often meant that they would exist sent dorsum to their native country. Simply most of the new arrivals passed inspection and moved on to the adjacent step.

Long lines at Ellis Island

Now, the immigrants were asked a long listing of questions. Inspectors asked their names, where they were from, and how much money they had. Since most of the immigrants did non speak English, they needed help in agreement and answering the questions. Translators did what they could to aid the inspectors and newcomers understand one another.

Fifty-fifty though it was difficult, well-nigh managed to answer all the questions. Mothers often spoke for children who might be likewise little or besides scared to speak. The immigrants had to show that they would piece of work difficult and stay out of trouble. Usually the ordeal was over within the day. When they received their entry cards, at final, the immigrants could officially enter their new land.

Ellis Island museum

During the busy years at Ellis Isle, millions of immigrants passed through its massive halls. World War I slowed the huge flow of people into the United States. In 1921, the Usa government passed more laws limiting the number people who could enter the state. These laws were unfair and were afterward changed.

Other laws were passed requiring new immigrants to take medical examinations before boarding ships in foreign ports. As a result, Ellis Isle was no longer very busy, and finally, in 1954, it was closed. In 1990, Ellis Isle was reopened equally a museum. Today, most immigrants no longer arrive past ship. Instead, they fly into the many international airports in the United States.

China town in New York is an instance of new Americans living together in the same neighborhood.

All newcomers to America take a hard fourth dimension at outset. This is true whether they came in the 1600s or have just arrived. It isn't easy to start a new life in an unfamiliar country. Near immigrants have to larn a new language and a new way of life. The jobs they must take are frequently hard, with long hours. Sadly, new arrivals are often poorly treated past other Americans just because they expect or deed differently.

New Americans make their lives a little ameliorate by finding friends from their native country. As they have in the past, immigrants ofttimes grouping together in pocket-sized neighborhoods. It helps them to experience ore at home in a foreign, new country. Many unlike languages can be heard on the streets of the ethnic neighborhoods in big cities.

A naturalization ceremony

Many people who come to the United states of america are refugees. These people are forced to exit their homelands to escape persecution or the dangers of way and natural disaster. From its beginning, the United States has taken in countless refugees from countries all over the world.

Later on World War II, refugees from Europe arrived on our shores. In more recent years, Southeast Asian, Cuban, and Haitian refugees take fled from homes where they could no longer exist safe. They seek protection and shelter in the United States.

Today's new immigrants have come to the United States from Russia, Asia, Mexico, South and Central America, the Heart Due east, the West Indies, and Africa. They are even so coming for the same reason people have always come—to brand a better life for themselves and for their children.

A festival gathering many Americans.

America has been called a great "melting pot," where many cultures, or ways of life, accept blended together. But today, Americans take likewise learned to gloat their differences. There is a growing appreciation and understanding of the special character and unique contributions of each cultural or ethnic group. Everyone, from the first Americans thousands of years ago to those who came only yesterday, has left a lasting marking on this great land.

Immigrants settled and farmed this land earlier it was a country. Others created a new nation and founded its government. Immigrants built the cities, roads, and railways of America. They have toiled in its music of this land, written its books, and recorded its beauty in paintings. The spirit of America strength and independence is the spirit of its people—the spirit of its immigrants and thie children.

Important Dates

About 20,000 BC—First people come to North America from Asia.

AD 200—Civilizations flourish in the Americas.

grand-- Vikings settle for a short time in Newfoundland, Canada.

1492—Columbus reaches the Americas. Other Europeans explorers before long follow.

1505—Commencement African slaves are brought to the Americas past the Spaniards.

1537—New Spain is established in Mexico after conquest of Aztecs.

1541—French explorer Jacques Cartier founds settlement at Quebec, Canada.

1565—Spanish establish fort at San Agustin, later St. Augustine, Florida.

1585—English settle briefly on Roanoke Isle, off Northward Carolina.

1607—Get-go permanent English language colony is established at Jamestown, Virginia.

1619—Offset African slaves are brought to the English language colonies.

1620—Pilgrims come up to Massachusetts in search of religious freedom.

1624—Dutch settle in New Amsterdam, later New York City.

1630—Puritans come up to Massachusetts; 16,000 come to Boston in adjacent 10 years.

1638—Outset Swedes come to Delaware.

1640—Colonial population is about 28,000.

1677—Quakers make it from England.

1683—Walsh and Germans settle near Philadelphia.

1709—Swiss and German immigrants settle in the Carolinas

1718—New Orleans is founded by the French.

1750—Population numbers over one million

175—Population numbers over one million.

1769—Castilian institute first mission in California

1790—First census, or counting of citizens, is authorized past Congress. Population reaches almost 4 million.

1821—Showtime American settlement is founded in Texas, at Austin.

1845—Thousands of Irish begin coming to escape famine in Ireland.

1848—First Chinese immigrants arrive in San Francisco

1850—the seventh U.S. Census counts most 23 meg in the 31 states of the union.

1886—The Statue of Liberty is unveiled.

1892—Ellis Isle opens.

1900—U.S. Population stands at 76 million. There are 45 states.

1907— Peak year for Ellis Island. More than than 1 meg immigrants pass through,

1917—30-three different groups are now excluded from coming to America.

1950—U.S. population is at present well-nigh 150 meg. There are 48 states.

1954—Ellis Island closes.

1965-1992—New immigration laws stop discriminatory quotas, set numerical limits, and offering amnesty to many illegal immigrants.

2000—Population is more than 260 million.

Other Interesting Facts About Immigration

In 1654, Jewish refugees arrived in New Amsterdam. They hoped to find religious freedom in America afterward fleeing intolerance and violence in Espana.

In 1755, during the French and Indian Wars, the British deported French settlers from Nova Scotia. Near 900 Acadian refugees arrived in the American colonies.

Early in the 1800s, it was non unusual for one tenth of the passengers aboard ship to die during the long ocean voyage. Oftentimes, more than half the passengers were sick.

The length of fourth dimension for an body of water crossing inverse from effectually 15 weeks in the centre of the 1700s to about xv days past 1840.

Virtually thirty different languages were spoken by the staff and officials of Ellis Isle.

More than than 20 1000000 immigrants came to the United states of america between 1880 and 1920.

In 1897, a fire destroyed the five-year-onetime immigration center on Ellis Island. In 1900, a new, fireproof heart opened. By 1914 there were 33 buildings, including a chapel, infirmary, and laundry.

Nearly 10 million Africans were brought to the Americas as slaves. Most African-Americans are their descendants.

Over 100 million Americans, ii-fifths of our population, tin trace their roots to a relative who passed through Ellis Isle.

Thousands of newly arrived immigrants settle in New York City every year. More than than 100 different languages are spoken there.

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Source: http://bookbuilder.cast.org/view_print.php?book=6522

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